European colonization of America in the XVI and mid-XVII centuries

The Spanish Conquest of America

The level of civilization of the Indian peoples of America did not give them any chance in the fight against the Europeans. Colonization came at the cost of terror and bloodshed. This type of colonization was caused by the resistance of indigenous people against outsiders who wanted to completely and permanently take over the continent. This could happen only after the conquest and even the destruction of local civilizations. The conquistadors took advantage of the antagonism between the Indian tribes and made alliances among themselves. The inhabitants of the Antilles were the first victims of the Spaniards. The next stage was Mexico, which was conquered by Ferdinand Cortez, who went to conquer Mexico in November 1518. His goal was to capture the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan.
The leader of the Aztec tribe Montezuma, overcome by superstitious fear of white people who, according to the religious beliefs of the Aztecs, were going to conquer Mexico, did not take any serious action, and as a result the Spaniards captured their capital. Cortez imprisoned Montezuma. Soon the fighting began, and the beaten Spaniards had to leave Tenochtitlan. Cortez launched a counterattack and retook the city. From the conquered lands, he created a colony called New Spain, of which he became governor. The next stage was the conquest of Peru in 1531-1533. The branches were headed by Francisco Pizarro and Diego Almagro. The Spaniards took advantage of the Inca struggle for the throne. In 1532, they killed the Incas under the pretext that their leader had insulted the Bible. The conquistadors occupied the capital of the "solar empire" of Cuzco. During the 16th century, the Spaniards conquered and partially colonized Ecuador, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. Thus, the whole of Central America and part of South America (with the exception of Brazil, conquered by the Portuguese) turned into a powerful colonial empire of Spain. The main colonies in South America - New Spain (Mexico and Peru) were henceforth two large possessions ruled by governors.
The Viceroyalty of New Spain was officially established in 1535, and Peru in 1544. They were divided into provinces. The administration of the city was carried out by the so-called "cabildo". Two archbishoprics were established in Mexico (for New Spain) and Lima (for Peru) with 22 bishoprics under their control. Two universities were also opened in Mexico and Lima. Both governors were subordinate to the Indian Council, established in 1524, which had administrative and judicial powers. From the beginning of the conquest to the end of the 16th century, about 200,000 people came from Spain to the New World. Most of them were men. The problem of the shortage of women was solved by Latin-Indian marriages. Negroes, Chinese, Malays and Japanese also came to America. This led to a fantastic racial and ethnic mosaic. Get the VIP bonus when using our exclusive promo code for 1xbet to get $130 bonus or currency equivalent in local money for new players. All you have to do is use the code to sign-up with 1xbet. The first step which you would need to take is providing us with the code of the 1xBet coupon which you have given. However, it is important to note that no individual will be eligible for any welcome package or offer if the individual does not have an account which is active or has made the first deposit.