Asynchronous Transfer mode (ATM) - successes and failures of ATM equipment

Many telecommunications companies have implemented large ATM networks, and many ADSL implementations use ATM. However, ATM did not receive wider support as a network technology (LAN), and its great complexity prevented its mass distribution as the only integrating network technology in the sense in which the creators of ATM were originally conceived.

Many people, especially in the community of IP creators, considered ATM's vision to be erroneous. Their position was something like this: we know that there will always be both completely new and outdated channel-level technologies, especially in the field of computer networks, and it is correct to assume that not all of them will fully fit into the SDH (SONET) model for which the ATM is. Therefore, a protocol is needed that provides a single layer for both ATM and non-ATM channel layer, and ATM alone cannot fulfill this role. Fortunately, we have an IP protocol that triggers this. We see no reason to implement ATM at the network level .

In addition, the need for "cells" to reduce data signal distortion disappeared as the transmission rate increased (see below), and the further expansion of voice over IP technology made it possible to integrate voice and data at the IP level, which again eliminates the need to introduce ATMs everywhere. Most telecommunications companies are now planning to convert their voice network operations into IP networks, rather than converting IP networks into voice networks.

As a result, ATM provides a very sophisticated technology with a wide range of capabilities for both global telecommunications networks and small private computer networks (LAN). However, ATM as a technology has achieved only partial success - it is widespread, but is usually used only for IP data transmission; its intention to integrate technologies for computer networks, public networks and user services has failed.

Many technically good ATM ideas have been adopted by the MPLS protocol . ATM remains a widely used technology and is used to multiplex services in DSL networks where necessary. Conversely, DSL networks support IP (and IP services such as VoIP over PPP (PPP over ATM).

ATM will continue to be used for some high-speed connections where vendors have mutually agreed to use existing ATM networks.

However, ATM technologies are increasingly hindered by network requirements for speed and the ability to prioritize data flows. In particular, the complexity of SAR (ATM sublevel) is a bottleneck in performance, since the fastest known SAR operate at a speed of 2.5 Gbit/s and have a limited ability to prioritize traffic (traffic prioritization is one of the main requirements for QoS).

After 2000, digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or Ethernet implementation (10 Gigabit Ethernet, MetroEthernet) is used in many places where ATM usage was expected MILFS, Matures, Teens. Best Porn Online https://mat6tube.com/ watch right now! USA, UK, Australia, South Korea, France, Germany, etc.